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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | COMMANDS | INTERACTIVE USE | EXAMPLES | SEE ALSO | GIT | COLOPHON |
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GIT-SHELL(1) Git Manual GIT-SHELL(1)
git-shell - Restricted login shell for Git-only SSH access
chsh -s $(command -v git-shell) <user>
git clone <user>@localhost:/path/to/repo.git
ssh <user>@localhost
This is a login shell for SSH accounts to provide restricted Git
access. It permits execution only of server-side Git commands
implementing the pull/push functionality, plus custom commands
present in a subdirectory named git-shell-commands in the user’s
home directory.
git shell accepts the following commands after the -c option:
git receive-pack <argument>, git upload-pack <argument>, git
upload-archive <argument>
Call the corresponding server-side command to support the
client’s git push, git fetch, or git archive --remote request.
cvs server
Imitate a CVS server. See git-cvsserver(1).
If a ~/git-shell-commands directory is present, git shell will
also handle other, custom commands by running
"git-shell-commands/<command> <arguments>" from the user’s home
directory.
By default, the commands above can be executed only with the -c
option; the shell is not interactive.
If a ~/git-shell-commands directory is present, git shell can also
be run interactively (with no arguments). If a help command is
present in the git-shell-commands directory, it is run to provide
the user with an overview of allowed actions. Then a "git> "
prompt is presented at which one can enter any of the commands
from the git-shell-commands directory, or exit to close the
connection.
Generally this mode is used as an administrative interface to
allow users to list repositories they have access to, create,
delete, or rename repositories, or change repository descriptions
and permissions.
If a no-interactive-login command exists, then it is run and the
interactive shell is aborted.
To disable interactive logins, displaying a greeting instead:
$ chsh -s /usr/bin/git-shell
$ mkdir $HOME/git-shell-commands
$ cat >$HOME/git-shell-commands/no-interactive-login <<\EOF
#!/bin/sh
printf '%s\n' "Hi $USER! You've successfully authenticated, but I do not"
printf '%s\n' "provide interactive shell access."
exit 128
EOF
$ chmod +x $HOME/git-shell-commands/no-interactive-login
To enable git-cvsserver access (which should generally have the
no-interactive-login example above as a prerequisite, as creating
the git-shell-commands directory allows interactive logins):
$ cat >$HOME/git-shell-commands/cvs <<\EOF
if ! test $# = 1 && test "$1" = "server"
then
echo >&2 "git-cvsserver only handles \"server\""
exit 1
fi
exec git cvsserver server
EOF
$ chmod +x $HOME/git-shell-commands/cvs
ssh(1), git-daemon(1), contrib/git-shell-commands/README
Part of the git(1) suite
This page is part of the git (Git distributed version control
system) project. Information about the project can be found at
⟨http://git-scm.com/⟩. If you have a bug report for this manual
page, see ⟨http://git-scm.com/community⟩. This page was obtained
from the project's upstream Git repository
⟨https://github.com/git/git.git⟩ on 2025-08-11. (At that time,
the date of the most recent commit that was found in the
repository was 2025-08-07.) If you discover any rendering
problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there is
a better or more up-to-date source for the page, or you have
corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON
(which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to
man-pages@man7.org
Git 2.51.0.rc1 2025-08-07 GIT-SHELL(1)
Pages that refer to this page: git(1), githooks(5), gitcvs-migration(7), giteveryday(7)
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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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