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NAME | LIBRARY | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | STANDARDS | HISTORY | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON |
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mbstate_t(3type) mbstate_t(3type)
mbstate_t - multi-byte-character conversion state
Standard C library (libc)
#include <wchar.h>
typedef /* ... */ mbstate_t;
Character conversion between the multibyte representation and the
wide character representation uses conversion state, of type
mbstate_t. Conversion of a string uses a finite-state machine;
when it is interrupted after the complete conversion of a number
of characters, it may need to save a state for processing the
remaining characters. Such a conversion state is needed for the
sake of encodings such as ISO/IEC 2022 and UTF-7.
The initial state is the state at the beginning of conversion of a
string. There are two kinds of state: the one used by multibyte
to wide character conversion functions, such as mbsrtowcs(3), and
the one used by wide character to multibyte conversion functions,
such as wcsrtombs(3), but they both fit in a mbstate_t, and they
both have the same representation for an initial state.
For 8-bit encodings, all states are equivalent to the initial
state. For multibyte encodings like UTF-8, EUC-*, BIG5, or SJIS,
the wide character to multibyte conversion functions never produce
non-initial states, but the multibyte to wide-character conversion
functions like mbrtowc(3) do produce non-initial states when
interrupted in the middle of a character.
One possible way to create an mbstate_t in initial state is to set
it to zero:
mbstate_t state;
memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
On Linux, the following works as well, but might generate compiler
warnings:
mbstate_t state = { 0 };
C11, POSIX.1-2008.
C99, POSIX.1-2001.
mbrlen(3), mbrtowc(3), mbsinit(3), mbsrtowcs(3), wcrtomb(3),
wcsrtombs(3)
This page is part of the man-pages (Linux kernel and C library
user-space interface documentation) project. Information about
the project can be found at
⟨https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/⟩. If you have a bug report
for this manual page, see
⟨https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/docs/man-pages/man-pages.git/tree/CONTRIBUTING⟩.
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⟨https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/man-pages/⟩ on
2025-08-11. If you discover any rendering problems in this HTML
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man-pages@man7.org
Linux man-pages 6.15 2025-05-17 mbstate_t(3type)
Pages that refer to this page: mbsinit(3)
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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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