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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | NOTES | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON |
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Flower filter in tc(8) Linux Flower filter in tc(8)
flower - flow based traffic control filter
tc filter ... flower [ MATCH_LIST ] [ action ACTION_SPEC ] [
classid CLASSID ] [ hw_tc TCID ]
MATCH_LIST := [ MATCH_LIST ] MATCH
MATCH := { indev ifname | verbose | skip_sw | skip_hw | {
dst_mac | src_mac } MASKED_LLADDR | vlan_id VID |
vlan_prio PRIORITY | vlan_ethtype { ipv4 | ipv6 | ETH_TYPE
} | cvlan_id VID | cvlan_prio PRIORITY | cvlan_ethtype {
ipv4 | ipv6 | ETH_TYPE } | pppoe_sid PSID | ppp_proto { ip
| ipv6 | mpls_uc | mpls_mc | PPP_PROTO } | mpls LSE_LIST |
mpls_label LABEL | mpls_tc TC | mpls_bos BOS | mpls_ttl
TTL | l2tpv3_sid LSID | ip_proto { tcp | udp | sctp | icmp
| icmpv6 | l2tp | IP_PROTO } | ip_tos MASKED_IP_TOS |
ip_ttl MASKED_IP_TTL | { dst_ip | src_ip } PREFIX | {
dst_port | src_port } { MASKED_NUMBER | min_port_number-
max_port_number } | tcp_flags MASKED_TCP_FLAGS | type
MASKED_TYPE | code MASKED_CODE | { arp_tip | arp_sip }
IPV4_PREFIX | arp_op { request | reply | OP } | { arp_tha
| arp_sha } MASKED_LLADDR | enc_key_id KEY-ID | {
enc_dst_ip | enc_src_ip } { ipv4_address | ipv6_address }
| enc_dst_port port_number | enc_tos TOS | enc_ttl TTL | {
geneve_opts | vxlan_opts | erspan_opts | gtp_opts |
pfcp_opts } OPTIONS | ip_flags IP_FLAGS | l2_miss L2_MISS
| cfm CFM_OPTIONS | enc_flags ENCFLAG-LIST }
LSE_LIST := [ LSE_LIST ] LSE
LSE := lse depth DEPTH { label LABEL | tc TC | bos BOS | ttl TTL }
CFM := cfm mdl LEVEL | op OPCODE
ENCFLAG-LIST := [ ENCFLAG-LIST/ ] ENCFLAG
ENCFLAG := { [no]tuncsum | [no]tundf | [no]tunoam | [no]tuncrit }
The flower filter matches flows to the set of keys specified and
assigns an arbitrarily chosen class ID to packets belonging to
them. Additionally (or alternatively) an action from the generic
action framework may be called.
action ACTION_SPEC
Apply an action from the generic actions framework on
matching packets.
classid CLASSID
Specify a class to pass matching packets on to. CLASSID is
in the form X:Y, while X and Y are interpreted as numbers
in hexadecimal format.
hw_tc TCID
Specify a hardware traffic class to pass matching packets
on to. TCID is in the range 0 through 15.
indev ifname
Match on incoming interface name. Obviously this makes
sense only for forwarded flows. ifname is the name of an
interface which must exist at the time of tc invocation.
verbose
Enable verbose logging, including offloading errors when
not using skip_sw flag.
skip_sw
Do not process filter by software. If hardware has no
offload support for this filter, or TC offload is not
enabled for the interface, operation will fail.
skip_hw
Do not process filter by hardware.
dst_mac MASKED_LLADDR
src_mac MASKED_LLADDR
Match on source or destination MAC address. A mask may be
optionally provided to limit the bits of the address which
are matched. A mask is provided by following the address
with a slash and then the mask. It may be provided in
LLADDR format, in which case it is a bitwise mask, or as a
number of high bits to match. If the mask is missing then a
match on all bits is assumed.
num_of_vlans NUM
Match on the number of vlan tags in the packet. NUM can be
0 or small positive integer. Typically in 0-4 range.
vlan_id VID
Match on vlan tag id. VID is an unsigned 12bit value in
decimal format.
vlan_prio PRIORITY
Match on vlan tag priority. PRIORITY is an unsigned 3bit
value in decimal format.
vlan_ethtype VLAN_ETH_TYPE
Match on layer three protocol. VLAN_ETH_TYPE may be either
ipv4, ipv6 or an unsigned 16bit value in hexadecimal
format. To match on QinQ packet, it must be 802.1Q or
802.1AD.
cvlan_id VID
Match on QinQ inner vlan tag id. VID is an unsigned 12bit
value in decimal format.
cvlan_prio PRIORITY
Match on QinQ inner vlan tag priority. PRIORITY is an
unsigned 3bit value in decimal format.
cvlan_ethtype VLAN_ETH_TYPE
Match on QinQ layer three protocol. VLAN_ETH_TYPE may be
either ipv4, ipv6 or an unsigned 16bit value in hexadecimal
format.
pppoe_sid PSID
Match on PPPoE session id. PSID is an unsigned 16bit value
in decimal format.
ppp_proto PPP_PROTO
Match on PPP layer three protocol. PPP_PROTO may be either
ip, ipv6, mpls_uc, mpls_mc or an unsigned 16bit value in
hexadecimal format.
mpls LSE_LIST
Match on the MPLS label stack. LSE_LIST is a list of Label
Stack Entries, each introduced by the lse keyword. This
option can't be used together with the standalone
mpls_label, mpls_tc, mpls_bos and mpls_ttl options.
lse LSE_OPTIONS
Match on an MPLS Label Stack Entry. LSE_OPTIONS is
a list of options that describe the properties of
the LSE to match.
depth DEPTH
The depth of the Label Stack Entry to
consider. Depth starts at 1 (the outermost
Label Stack Entry). The maximum usable depth
may be limited by the kernel. This option is
mandatory. DEPTH is an unsigned 8 bit value
in decimal format.
label LABEL
Match on the MPLS Label field at the
specified depth. LABEL is an unsigned 20 bit
value in decimal format.
tc TC Match on the MPLS Traffic Class field at the
specified depth. TC is an unsigned 3 bit
value in decimal format.
bos BOS
Match on the MPLS Bottom Of Stack field at
the specified depth. BOS is a 1 bit value in
decimal format.
ttl TTL
Match on the MPLS Time To Live field at the
specified depth. TTL is an unsigned 8 bit
value in decimal format.
mpls_label LABEL
Match the label id in the outermost MPLS label stack entry.
LABEL is an unsigned 20 bit value in decimal format.
mpls_tc TC
Match on the MPLS TC field, which is typically used for
packet priority, in the outermost MPLS label stack entry.
TC is an unsigned 3 bit value in decimal format.
mpls_bos BOS
Match on the MPLS Bottom Of Stack field in the outermost
MPLS label stack entry. BOS is a 1 bit value in decimal
format.
mpls_ttl TTL
Match on the MPLS Time To Live field in the outermost MPLS
label stack entry. TTL is an unsigned 8 bit value in
decimal format.
l2tpv3_sid LSID
Match on L2TPv3 session id field transported over IPv4 or
IPv6. LSID is an unsigned 32 bit value in decimal format.
ip_proto IP_PROTO
Match on layer four protocol. IP_PROTO may be tcp, udp,
sctp, icmp, icmpv6, l2tp or an unsigned 8bit value in
hexadecimal format.
ip_tos MASKED_IP_TOS
Match on ipv4 TOS or ipv6 traffic-class - eight bits in
hexadecimal format. A mask may be optionally provided to
limit the bits which are matched. A mask is provided by
following the value with a slash and then the mask. If the
mask is missing then a match on all bits is assumed.
ip_ttl MASKED_IP_TTL
Match on ipv4 TTL or ipv6 hop-limit - eight bits value in
decimal or hexadecimal format. A mask may be optionally
provided to limit the bits which are matched. Same logic is
used for the mask as with matching on ip_tos.
dst_ip PREFIX
src_ip PREFIX
Match on source or destination IP address. PREFIX must be
a valid IPv4 or IPv6 address, depending on the protocol
option to tc filter, optionally followed by a slash and the
prefix length. If the prefix is missing, tc assumes a
full-length host match.
dst_port { MASKED_NUMBER | MIN_VALUE-MAX_VALUE }
src_port { MASKED_NUMBER | MIN_VALUE-MAX_VALUE }
Match on layer 4 protocol source or destination port
number, with an optional mask. Alternatively, the minimum
and maximum values can be specified to match on a range of
layer 4 protocol source or destination port numbers. Only
available for ip_proto values udp, tcp and sctp which have
to be specified in beforehand.
tcp_flags MASKED_TCP_FLAGS
Match on TCP flags represented as 12bit bitfield in in
hexadecimal format. A mask may be optionally provided to
limit the bits which are matched. A mask is provided by
following the value with a slash and then the mask. If the
mask is missing then a match on all bits is assumed.
type MASKED_TYPE
code MASKED_CODE
Match on ICMP type or code. A mask may be optionally
provided to limit the bits of the address which are
matched. A mask is provided by following the address with a
slash and then the mask. The mask must be as a number which
represents a bitwise mask If the mask is missing then a
match on all bits is assumed. Only available for ip_proto
values icmp and icmpv6 which have to be specified in
beforehand.
arp_tip IPV4_PREFIX
arp_sip IPV4_PREFIX
Match on ARP or RARP sender or target IP address.
IPV4_PREFIX must be a valid IPv4 address optionally
followed by a slash and the prefix length. If the prefix is
missing, tc assumes a full-length host match.
arp_op ARP_OP
Match on ARP or RARP operation. ARP_OP may be request,
reply or an integer value 0, 1 or 2. A mask may be
optionally provided to limit the bits of the operation
which are matched. A mask is provided by following the
address with a slash and then the mask. It may be provided
as an unsigned 8 bit value representing a bitwise mask. If
the mask is missing then a match on all bits is assumed.
arp_sha MASKED_LLADDR
arp_tha MASKED_LLADDR
Match on ARP or RARP sender or target MAC address. A mask
may be optionally provided to limit the bits of the address
which are matched. A mask is provided by following the
address with a slash and then the mask. It may be provided
in LLADDR format, in which case it is a bitwise mask, or as
a number of high bits to match. If the mask is missing then
a match on all bits is assumed.
enc_key_id NUMBER
enc_dst_ip PREFIX
enc_src_ip PREFIX
enc_dst_port NUMBER
enc_tos NUMBER
enc_ttl NUMBER
ct_state CT_STATE
ct_zone CT_MASKED_ZONE
ct_mark CT_MASKED_MARK
ct_label CT_MASKED_LABEL
Matches on connection tracking info
CT_STATE
Match the connection state, and can be combination
of [{+|-}flag] flags, where flag can be one of
trk - Tracked connection.
new - New connection.
est - Established connection.
rpl - The packet is in the reply direction, meaning
that it is in the opposite direction from the packet
that initiated the connection.
inv - The state is invalid. The packet couldn't be
associated to a connection.
rel - The packet is related to an existing
connection.
Example: +trk+est
CT_MASKED_ZONE
Match the connection zone, and can be masked.
CT_MASKED_MARK
32bit match on the connection mark, and can be
masked.
CT_MASKED_LABEL
128bit match on the connection label, and can be
masked.
geneve_opts OPTIONS
vxlan_opts OPTIONS
erspan_opts OPTIONS
gtp_opts OPTIONS
pfcp_opts OPTIONS
Match on IP tunnel metadata. Key id NUMBER is a 32 bit
tunnel key id (e.g. VNI for VXLAN tunnel). PREFIX must be
a valid IPv4 or IPv6 address optionally followed by a slash
and the prefix length. If the prefix is missing, tc assumes
a full-length host match. Dst port NUMBER is a 16 bit UDP
dst port. Tos NUMBER is an 8 bit tos (dscp+ecn) value, ttl
NUMBER is an 8 bit time-to-live value. geneve_opts OPTIONS
must be a valid list of comma-separated geneve options
where each option consists of a key optionally followed by
a slash and corresponding mask. If the masks is missing, tc
assumes a full-length match. The options can be described
in the form CLASS:TYPE:DATA/CLASS_MASK:TYPE_MASK:DATA_MASK,
where CLASS is represented as a 16bit hexadecimal value,
TYPE as an 8bit hexadecimal value and DATA as a variable
length hexadecimal value. vxlan_opts OPTIONS doesn't
support multiple options, and it consists of a key followed
by a slash and corresponding mask. If the mask is missing,
tc assumes a full-length match. The option can be described
in the form GBP/GBP_MASK, where GBP is represented as a
32bit number. erspan_opts OPTIONS doesn't support multiple
options, and it consists of a key followed by a slash and
corresponding mask. If the mask is missing, tc assumes a
full-length match. The option can be described in the form
VERSION:INDEX:DIR:HWID/VERSION:INDEX_MASK:DIR_MASK:HWID_MASK,
where VERSION is represented as a 8bit number, INDEX as an
32bit number, DIR and HWID as a 8bit number. Multiple
options is not supported. Note INDEX/INDEX_MASK is used
when VERSION is 1, and DIR/DIR_MASK and HWID/HWID_MASK are
used when VERSION is 2. gtp_opts OPTIONS doesn't support
multiple options, and it consists of a key followed by a
slash and corresponding mask. If the mask is missing, tc
assumes a full-length match. The option can be described in
the form PDU_TYPE:QFI/PDU_TYPE_MASK:QFI_MASK where both
PDU_TYPE and QFI are represented as a 8bit hexadecimal
values. pfcp_opts OPTIONS does not support multiple
options. It consists of a key followed by a slash and
corresponding mask. If the mask is missing, tc assumes a
full-length match. The option can be described in the form
TYPE:SEID/TYPE_MASK:SEID_MASK where TYPE is represented as
a 8bit number, SEID is represented by 64bit. Both TYPE and
SEID are provided in hex.
ip_flags IP_FLAGS
IP_FLAGS may be either frag, nofrag, firstfrag or
nofirstfrag where frag and nofrag could be used to match on
fragmented packets or not, respectively. firstfrag and
nofirstfrag can be used to further distinguish fragmented
packet. firstfrag can be used to indicate the first
fragmented packet. nofirstfrag can be used to indicates
subsequent fragmented packets or non-fragmented packets.
l2_miss L2_MISS
Match on layer 2 miss in the bridge driver's FDB / MDB.
L2_MISS may be 0 or 1. When 1, match on packets that
encountered a layer 2 miss. When 0, match on packets that
were forwarded using an FDB / MDB entry. Note that
broadcast packets do not encounter a miss since a lookup is
not performed for them.
cfm CFM_OPTIONS
Match on Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) fields.
CFM_OPTIONS is a list of options that describe the
properties of the CFM information fields to match.
mdl LEVEL
Match on the Maintenance Domain (MD) level field.
LEVEL is an unsigned 3 bit value in decimal format.
op OPCODE
Match on the CFM opcode field. OPCODE is an unsigned
8 bit value in decimal format.
enc_flags ENCFLAG-LIST
Match on tunnel control flags. ENCFLAG-LIST is a list of
the following tunnel control flags: [no]tuncsum, [no]tundf,
[no]tunoam, [no]tuncrit, each separated by '/'.
As stated above where applicable, matches of a certain
layer implicitly depend on the matches of the next lower
layer. Precisely, layer one and two matches (indev,
dst_mac, src_mac and enc_flags) have no dependency, MPLS
and layer three matches (mpls, mpls_label, mpls_tc,
mpls_bos, mpls_ttl, ip_proto, dst_ip, src_ip, arp_tip,
arp_sip, arp_op, arp_tha, arp_sha and ip_flags) depend on
the protocol option of tc filter, layer four port matches
(dst_port and src_port) depend on ip_proto being set to
tcp, udp or sctp, and finally ICMP matches (code and type)
depend on ip_proto being set to icmp or icmpv6.
There can be only used one mask per one prio. If user needs to
specify different mask, he has to use different prio.
tc(8), tc-flow(8)
This page is part of the iproute2 (utilities for controlling
TCP/IP networking and traffic) project. Information about the
project can be found at
⟨http://www.linuxfoundation.org/collaborate/workgroups/networking/iproute2⟩.
If you have a bug report for this manual page, send it to
netdev@vger.kernel.org, shemminger@osdl.org. This page was
obtained from the project's upstream Git repository
⟨https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/network/iproute2/iproute2.git⟩ on
2025-08-11. (At that time, the date of the most recent commit
that was found in the repository was 2025-08-08.) If you discover
any rendering problems in this HTML version of the page, or you
believe there is a better or more up-to-date source for the page,
or you have corrections or improvements to the information in this
COLOPHON (which is not part of the original manual page), send a
mail to man-pages@man7.org
iproute2 22 Oct 2015 Flower filter in tc(8)
Pages that refer to this page: tc(8), tc-ct(8)
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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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