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PROLOG | NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | OPERANDS | STDIN | INPUT FILES | ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES | ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS | STDOUT | STDERR | OUTPUT FILES | EXTENDED DESCRIPTION | EXIT STATUS | CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS | APPLICATION USAGE | EXAMPLES | RATIONALE | FUTURE DIRECTIONS | SEE ALSO | COPYRIGHT |
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QMSG(1P) POSIX Programmer's Manual QMSG(1P)
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The
Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or
the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
qmsg — send message to batch jobs
qmsg [-EO] message_string job_identifier...
To send a message to a batch job is to request that a server write
a message string into one or more output files of the batch job. A
message is sent to a batch job by a request to the batch server
that manages the batch job. The qmsg utility is a user-accessible
batch client that requests the sending of messages to one or more
batch jobs.
The qmsg utility shall write messages into the files of batch jobs
by sending a Job Message Request to the batch server that manages
the batch job. The qmsg utility shall not directly write the
message into the files of the batch job.
The qmsg utility shall send a Job Message Request for those batch
jobs, and only those batch jobs, for which a batch job_identifier
is presented to the utility.
The qmsg utility shall send Job Message Requests for batch jobs in
the order in which their batch job_identifiers are presented to
the utility.
If the qmsg utility fails to process any batch job_identifier
successfully, the utility shall proceed to process the remaining
batch job_identifiers, if any.
The qmsg utility shall not exit before a Job Message Request has
been sent to the server that manages the batch job that
corresponds to each successfully processed batch job_identifier.
The qmsg utility shall conform to the Base Definitions volume of
POSIX.1‐2017, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines.
The following options shall be supported by the implementation:
-E Specify that the message is written to the standard
error of each batch job.
The qmsg utility shall write the message into the
standard error of the batch job.
-O Specify that the message is written to the standard
output of each batch job.
The qmsg utility shall write the message into the
standard output of the batch job.
If neither the -O nor the -E option is presented to the qmsg
utility, the utility shall write the message into an
implementation-defined file. The conformance document for the
implementation shall describe the name and location of the
implementation-defined file. If both the -O and the -E options are
presented to the qmsg utility, then the utility shall write the
messages to both standard output and standard error.
The qmsg utility shall accept a minimum of two operands,
message_string and one or more batch job_identifiers.
The message_string operand shall be the string to be written to
one or more output files of the batch job followed by a <newline>.
If the string contains <blank> characters, then the application
shall ensure that the string is quoted. The message_string shall
be encoded in the portable character set (see the Base Definitions
volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 6.1, Portable Character Set).
All remaining operands are batch job_identifiers that conform to
the syntax for a batch job_identifier (see Section 3.3.1, Batch
Job Identifier).
Not used.
None.
The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
qmsg:
LANG Provide a default value for the internationalization
variables that are unset or null. (See the Base
Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 8.2,
Internationalization Variables the precedence of
internationalization variables used to determine the
values of locale categories.)
LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, override the values
of all the other internationalization variables.
LC_CTYPE Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences
of bytes of text data as characters (for example,
single-byte as opposed to multi-byte characters in
arguments).
LC_MESSAGES
Determine the locale that should be used to affect the
format and contents of diagnostic messages written to
standard error.
LOGNAME Determine the login name of the user.
Default.
None.
The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.
None.
None.
The following exit values shall be returned:
0 Successful completion.
>0 An error occurred.
In addition to the default behavior, the qmsg utility shall not be
required to write a diagnostic message to standard error when the
error reply received from a batch server indicates that the batch
job_identifier does not exist on the server. Whether or not the
qmsg utility waits to output the diagnostic message while
attempting to locate the job on other servers is implementation-
defined.
The following sections are informative.
None.
None.
The qmsg utility allows users to write messages into the output
files of running jobs. Users, including operators and
administrators, have a number of occasions when they want to place
messages in the output files of a batch job. For example, if a
disk that is being used by a batch job is showing errors, the
operator might note this in the standard error stream of the batch
job.
The options of the qmsg utility provide users with the means of
placing the message in the output stream of their choice. The
default output stream for the message—if the user does not
designate an output stream—is implementation-defined, since many
implementations will provide, as an extension to this volume of
POSIX.1‐2017, a log file that shows the history of utility
execution.
If users wish to send a message to a set of jobs that meet a
selection criteria, the qselect utility can be used to acquire the
appropriate list of job identifiers.
The -E option allows users to place the message in the standard
error stream of the batch job.
The -O option allows users to place the message in the standard
output stream of the batch job.
Historically, the qmsg utility is an existing practice in the
offerings of one or more implementors of an NQS-derived batch
system. The utility has been found to be useful enough that it
deserves to be included in this volume of POSIX.1‐2017.
The qmsg utility may be removed in a future version.
Chapter 3, Batch Environment Services, qselect(1p)
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Section 6.1, Portable
Character Set, Chapter 8, Environment Variables, Section 12.2,
Utility Syntax Guidelines
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The
Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition, Copyright
(C) 2018 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between
this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard,
the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee
document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page
are most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of
the source files to man page format. To report such errors, see
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .
IEEE/The Open Group 2017 QMSG(1P)
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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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